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College of Dentistry

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    Hypervigilance to pain and sleep quality are confounding variables in the infrared thermography examination of the temporomandibular joint and temporal and masseter muscles
    (Oxford University Press, 2024-07-11) de Souza Junior, Erasmo Freitas; Pereira, Camila Maia Vieira; Barbosa, Jussara da Silva; Arruda, Maria Jacinta Arêa Leão Lopes Araújo; de Melo, Daniela Pita; Bento, Patrícia Meira
    Objectives Verify whether hypervigilance to pain (HP) and sleep quality (SQ) are confounding variables in the infrared thermography (IT) examination of the temporomandibular joint and temporal and masseter muscles. Methods A cross-sectional and analytical study was conducted, collecting HP and SQ data from 80 participants without temporomandibular disorders (TMD), performing their IT and another 40 participants with TMD. For the selection of participants with and without TMD, the TMD Pain Screener questionnaire and axis I of the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders were applied. SQ was verified using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. For the HP assessment the Pain Vigilance and Awareness Questionnaire (PVAQ) was applied. And the IT was performed through a FLIR infrared sensor camera, model T650 Infrared. Results No significant correlations were found between SQ and the temperatures of the areas of interest (P > .05), and regarding HP, a statistically significant positive correlation was found with the dimensionless (ρ = 0.289) and non-dimensionless (ρ = 0.223) asymmetries of temporal muscle temperatures. In the temperature comparisons between the participants without TMD and the participants with TMD, significant differences were found (P < .05), also when the group without TMD was controlled according to both HP and SQ (P < .05), with higher temperatures found in the TMD group. Conclusions HP and SQ can be considered confounding variables in IT examination of the temporomandibular region.
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    Influence of sex, age and ethnicity on the facial temperature
    (Springer, 2024-08-13) Barbosa, Jussara da Silva; de Melo, Niebla Bezerra; Firmino, Ramon Targino; Ferreira, José Eraldo Viana; Amorim, Ana Marly Araújo Maia; de Melo, Daniela Pita; Bento, Patrícia Meira
    Infrared thermography (IRT) allows the acquisition of a thermal profile of an anatomical region of interest from a physiological perspective. For a real-time, dynamic and physiological analysis of the microcirculation, IRT is now being employed to analyze skin temperature based on the infrared radiation emitted by the human body, and may be used as an adjuvant in the diagnosis of disease and to monitor therapeutic procedures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of age, sex, ethnicity and body mass index (BMI) on temperature in the facial macro and microregions of healthy subjects.
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    Digital ulcers associated with scleroderma: a major unmet medical need
    (Wound Repair and Regeneration, 2024-09) Naik, Angha; Stratton, Richard; Leask, Andrew
    Scleroderma or systemic sclerosis (SSc) associated digital ischemic complications, such as digital ulcers (SSc-DUs), appear relatively early during the disease course and are a major burden with substantial deterioration of quality of life. Expert rheumatologist and wound specialists have defined a DU; however, international application of the definition is still disorganized. Appearance of SSc-DUs is secondary to the onset of Raynaud’s phenomenon (RP) and as a consequence, recommended first-line of treatment mainly includes vasodilators; however, many DUs are refractory to this treatment. Despite important practical issues, such as a lack of well characterized SSc-wound healing animal model, significant efforts are needed to mechanistically understand the pathogenesis of SSc-DUs for developing clinically targetable disease modifying therapies.
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    Effect of modified intravascular laser irradiation of blood in the oral and systemic conditions during dental treatment—A systematic review
    (Lasers in Medical Science, 2024-12-20) Oliveira, Maria Clara; Filipe Bezerra Silva, Diego; Andrade, Allany; Pita de Melo, Daniela; de Sousa, Ygor Alexandre Beserra; da Silva, Luís Otávio Pereira; Gomes, Daliana
    The aim of this study was to investigate the scientific evidence regarding the effectiveness of modified-ILIB (intravascular laser irradiation of blood) in the control of systemic conditions and/or oral changes during dental care. This systematic literature review study aimed to answer the question, "Is modified-ILIB an effective adjuvant therapy in the control of systemic conditions and/or oral changes in children and adults during dental treatment?". The protocol for this systematic review was registered in the PROSPERO database under number CRD42023493800. The search was carried out in the PubMed, Web of Science, LILACS, SCOPUS and EMBASE databases on June 10, 2024. Google Scholar was used as a search source for gray literature. Randomized clinical trials were included, without restrictions on language or year of publication. The RoB 2.0 tool was used to assess the risk of bias and GRADE was used to check the quality of the evidence. A total of 750 articles were retrieved and five studies were selected for this review. All studies were in English and were carried out in Brazil. The outcomes were periodontal parameters and glycemic control in patients with periodontitis and type II diabetes, anxiety control in pediatric dentistry, postoperative pain after third molar extraction and improving taste in post-COVID-19 patients. The majority of studies had a low risk of bias, while only one study was considered to have some concerns. The quality of evidence from the studies was considered very low. The current evidence does not overwhelmingly support the effectiveness of modified-ILIB in controlling oral and/or systemic conditions in dentistry.
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    Temporomandibular joint assessment in MRI images using artificial intelligence tools: where are we now? A systematic review
    (Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, 2025-01) Manek, Mitul; Filipe Bezerra Silva, Diego; de Melo, Daniela Pita; Major, Paul W; Jaremko, Jacob L; T Almeida, Fabiana
    Abstract Objectives To summarize the current evidence on the performance of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms for the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc assessment and TMJ internal derangement diagnosis in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images. Methods Studies were gathered by searching 5 electronic databases and partial grey literature up to May 27, 2024. Studies in humans using AI algorithms to detect or diagnose internal derangements in MRI images were included. The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated using the Quality Assessment Tool for Diagnostic of Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2) and a proposed checklist for dental AI studies. Results Thirteen studies were included in this systematic review. Most of the studies assessed disc position. One study assessed disc perforation. A high heterogeneity related to the patient selection domain was found between the studies. The studies used a variety of AI approaches and performance metrics with CNN-based models being the most used. A high performance of AI models compared to humans was reported with accuracy ranging from 70% to 99%. Conclusions The integration of AI, particularly deep learning, in TMJ MRI, shows promising results as a diagnostic-assistance tool to segment TMJ structures and classify disc position. Further studies exploring more diverse and multicentre data will improve the validity and generalizability of the models before being implemented in clinical practice.
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    Saliva-derived components can enhance the performance of toluidine blue in photodynamic therapy
    (Frontiers, 2025-02) Macri, Nicolas; Dias, Luana Mendonça; Pavarina, Ana Claudia; Siqueira, Walter L; Sperandio, Felipe
    Introduction: Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common type of head and neck cancer worldwide. Currently, the most common treatment for OSCC includes a combination of surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. However, despite the advances made in therapeutic strategies, the prognosis for patients diagnosed with OSCC remains poor, especially at later stages, which emphasizes the need for a novel treatment approach. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been employed as stand-alone or adjuvant therapy for OSCC. Methods: This study investigated the potential of using salivary proteins such as histatin-5 (Hst5) or derived peptides (RR14, DR9/RR14) to perform histatin-mediated PDT. The current literature has shown that histatins have the capacity to increase cellular membrane permeability, which indicates a potential synergistic effect when combined with a photosensitive agent. Toluidine Blue O (TBO) was used as the photosensitizer (PS) singularly combined with salivary peptides RR14, DR9/RR14, and Hst5 protein, and experiments were conducted to assess its biocompatibility and photodynamic effects on human gingival fibroblasts (FGH) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC-25) cell lines. Results: The results showed that TBO concentrations below 4 μg/mL were non-cytotoxic to FGH cells, whereas concentrations up to 8 μg/mL were non-cytotoxic to SCC-25 cells. Also, the presence of histatins did not modify the absorption spectrum or photobleaching of TBO, enabling consistent production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) over time and rendering it as a stable and suitable PS for PDT. Further experiments also showed that when TBO was combined with Hst5, the ROS production increased by 186% compared to TBO alone. Conclusion: Results suggest that the use of histatin-enhanced PS offer a promising alternative to conventional PDT, potentially improving its outcomes.