Taking up the plow (again)? Exploring the resurgence of First Nations farming and food production in the Canadian Prairies

Abstract

The Canadian Prairies are known as a centre of agriculture and food production, but the experiences of Indigenous peoples are rarely included in this narrative. This research investigated the current state of First Nations farming and food production (FNFFP) in Central Saskatchewan. I explored the interest, ideas, and efforts of local First Nations to build their own food systems and to use food production as a driver of community development. Empirical data were gathered through: semi-structured interviews with the “Champions” who spearhead FNFFP initiatives in the region, along with the organizations that support them; an intrinsic case study of Muskeg Lake Cree Nation’s “food forest” initiative, drawing on participant observation and semi-structured interviews; and, the use of a document review and semi-structured interviews to learn how past (twentieth century) experiences shape the sector today. FNFFP Champions (including those from Muskeg Lake) were brought together to discuss initial research findings. While the sector’s growth has been restricted due to a lack of enabling government policies and programs, and the socio-economic challenges that First Nations face in the region, a significant number of communities are investing time, energy, and ideas into FNFFP initiatives. They do so for multiple reasons, including health, food security, and land-based education. With the help of Champions and supportive organizations (both Indigenous and non-Indigenous), First Nations are innovating to build capacity, overcome barriers, and use food, and the growing of food, as a vessel for broader community development and self-determination goals.