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      • HARVEST
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      SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NANO-DIAMOND REINFORCED CHITOSAN FOR TISSUE ENGINEERING

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      SUN-THESIS.pdf (3.080Mb)
      Date
      2015-08-24
      Author
      SUN, YU
      Type
      Thesis
      Degree Level
      Masters
      Metadata
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      Abstract
      In recent years, tissue engineering has shown great potential in treatment of injured tissues which aims to create artificial structures for cells to regenerate new tissues for replacing the damaged and diseased ones. The selection of scaffold materials is one of the critical factors affecting tissue healing process. Among a wide range of scaffold materials, chitosan (CS) has been demonstrated as an ideal material due to its biocompatibility, nontoxicity, biodegradability, antibacterial activity and favorable strength and stiffness. However, its insufficient mechanical properties limits its feasibility and scope for clinical application, especially for bone scaffolds. The main purpose of the study is to explore the potential of incorporation of nanofillers into CS to enhance the mechanical properties for tissue engineering. In this work, nanodiamond (ND) is applied and studied due to its high surface to volume ratio, rich surface chemistry, high mechanical strength, and excellent biocompatibility. ND/CS nanocomposites with different diamond concentration from 1wt. % to 5wt. % were synthetized through a solution casting method. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the composites were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and nanoindentation. Compared with pristine CS, the addition of ND resulted in a dramatic improvement of mechanical properties, including a 239%, 276%, 321%, 333%, and 343% increase in Young’s modulus and 68%, 96%, 114%, 118%, and 127% increase in hardness when ND amount is 1wt. %, 2wt. %, 3wt. %, 4wt. %, and 5wt. %, respectively. The strong interaction between ND surface groups and chitosan matrix is of great importance in changing polymer structure and improving mechanical properties. The cell viability and cytotoxicity of the nanocomposite were also studied using MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. The results show that the addition of ND has no negative effect on cell viability and the nanocomposites have no cytotoxicity.
      Degree
      Master of Science (M.Sc.)
      Department
      Mechanical Engineering
      Program
      Mechanical Engineering
      Supervisor
      Yang, Qiaoqin
      Committee
      Chen, Daniel; Oguocha, Ikechukwuka N.
      Copyright Date
      August 2015
      URI
      http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2015-08-2142
      Subject
      Nano-diamond
      chitosan
      tissue engineering
      nano-indentation
      MTT
      DSC
      XRD
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      • Graduate Theses and Dissertations
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