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      Cut mark analysis of protohistoric bison remains from EfPm-27 utilizing the scanning electron microscope

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      CPollio2009.pdf (19.48Mb)
      Date
      2009
      Author
      Pollio, Cara Jean
      Type
      Thesis
      Degree Level
      Masters
      Metadata
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      Abstract
      EfPm-27 is a Protohistoric bison pound and processing site located in Fish Creek Park in Calgary, Alberta. The site exhibited the presence of metal tools and macroscopically deceptive cut marks suggesting the potential for the presence of both metal and stone cut marks. Moulds of selected cut marks from the assemblage were made and examined with the scanning electron microscope (SEM) to verify or negate the use of metal tools for butchery at the site. SEM images of the cut mark moulds reveal micromorphology that is similar to experimental and published stone tool cut mark SEM images. No evidence for the use of metal tools for butchering was identified. Protohistoric sites research could benefit from the use of SEM analysis of cut marks to distinguish between stone and metal tool use. This would provide important secondary evidence for metal trade items in scenarios where such artifacts may be beyond recovery. Conversely, the presence of metal artifacts at a site does not necessarily imply that they were used for butchery and this assertion must be verified by the presence of metal cut marks.
      Degree
      Master of Arts (M.A.)
      Department
      Archaeology
      Program
      Archaeology
      Supervisor
      Walker, Ernest G.
      Committee
      Pratt, Brian R.; Linnamae, Urve; Kennedy, Margaret A.
      Copyright Date
      2009
      URI
      http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-04022009-164631
      Subject
      experimental tool marks
      zooarchaeology
      scanning electron microscopy
      taphonomy
      Fish Creek
      tool marks
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