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      Variation and availability of nutrients in co-products from bio-ethanol production fed to ruminants

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      Date
      2010-04
      Author
      Nuez-Ortin, Waldo Gabriel
      Type
      Thesis
      Degree Level
      Masters
      Metadata
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      Abstract
      The main objective of this project was to investigate the effects of the type of dried distillers grains with solubles (wheat DDGS, corn DDGS, and blend DDGS (eg. wheat:corn = 70:30)) and bio-ethanol plant origin on the nutrient variation and availability in ruminants. In addition, DDGS products were studied as opposed to their parental grains. The project was divided into the several following studies. In Study 1, we studied the nutritive value of DDGS products in terms of (1) chemical profiles, (2) protein and carbohydrate sub-fractions associated with different degradation rates, and (3) digestible component nutrients and energy values using the NRC 2001-chemical approach and the in situ assay-biological approach. Also, we tested the validity of acid detergent insoluble crude protein (ADICP) and acid detergent lignin (ADL) to predict the potential degradability of DDGS. Due to starch fermentation in the ethanol process, the chemical components in DDGS became approximately threefold more concentrated than in feedstock grains. Slowly degraded protein (PB3) and unavailable protein (PC) increased in DDGS, indicating a decrease in the overall protein degradability in the rumen. Intermediately degraded protein (PB2) was higher for corn DDGS than for wheat DDGS and blend DDGS (54.2 vs. 27.7 vs. 30.8 %CP), while PB3 was higher for wheat DDGS and blend DDGS (29.9 vs. 51.2 vs. 53.2 %CP). Mainly as a result of differing heat conditions, PC differed significantly between wheat DDGS originated at different bio-ethanol plants (0.7 vs. 7.6 %CP). The prediction of truly digestible CP (tdCP) and NDF (tdNDF) differed between the NRC 2001-chemical approach and the in situ assay-biological approach; however, both approaches reported similar energy values. These values were the highest for corn DDGS (DE3X: 3.9 Mcal kg-1), followed by blend DDGS (DE3X: 3.6 Mcal kg-1), and wheat DDGS (DE3X: 3.4 Mcal kg-1). Corn DDGS was superior to corn, wheat DDGS was similar to wheat and corn, and blend DDGS was similar to corn. No significant differences in energy values were reported between bio-ethanol plants. ADICP was not an accurate indicator of the potential degradability of protein in DDGS samples, while ADL seemed to be an acceptable indicator of the potential degradability of DM (r = -0.87; P
      Degree
      Master of Science (M.Sc.)
      Department
      Animal and Poultry Science
      Program
      Animal and Poultry Science
      Supervisor
      Yu, Peiqiang
      Committee
      Mutsvangwa, Timothy; Wright, Scott; McKinnon, John; Christensen, David
      Copyright Date
      April 2010
      URI
      http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-04092010-115815
      Subject
      Nutrients characteristics
      Ruminants
      Dried distillers grains with solubles
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