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      • HARVEST
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      Particulate distribution and relationship to endotoxin in poultry production operations

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      Date
      2008
      Author
      Kirychuk, Shelley
      Type
      Thesis
      Degree Level
      Doctoral
      Metadata
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      Abstract
      This thesis dissertation assessed workers who work in poultry barns and their occupational environment in relation to the type of bird housing in which they were exposed (cage-housed birds (CH) or floor-housed birds (FH)) and examined the environmental variables including dust and endotoxin and potential relationships to respiratory symptoms of workers. A cross sectional study was undertaken to assess the environmental exposure levels and respiratory health effects of workers who worked in CH and FH poultry operations. The respiratory results suggested an asthma-like syndrome in these workers. Workers who worked in CH facilities reported greater current and chronic respiratory symptoms and significantly greater current and chronic phlegm as compared to workers from FH facilities. Workers from CH poultry facilities were exposed to greater endotoxin load than workers from FH facilities, but workers from FH operations were exposed to greater levels of total dust. It was found that endotoxin load (EU/mg) was a significant predictor of chronic phlegm for all poultry workers.The effects on dust and endotoxin measurements when utilizing a Marple impactor with greased or ungreased impaction surfaces when sampling in an agricultural environment were unknown, and the potential for effects was tested. There were no significant differences in the aerosol mass median aerodynamic diameters between the greased and ungreased Marple impactors. Endotoxin analysis results appeared to be influenced by impaction grease particularly when very low amounts of endotoxin were present. Size fractioning the dust and endotoxin using Marple impactors in CH and FH poultry operations showed that endotoxin load (EU/mg) was significantly higher in the respirable fraction of area samples in CH poultry operations as compared to FH operations. There were no differences in endotoxin load in the non-respirable size fractions for area samples between CH and FH operations. FH poultry operations had significantly greater dust mass and dust concentration in both respirable and non-respirable fractions for FH operations. There was significantly greater endotoxin load (EU/mg) in the 3.5-6.0 micron size fraction for the CH poultry operations as compared to the FH operations.
      Degree
      Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.)
      Department
      Interdisciplinary Studies
      Program
      Interdisciplinary Studies
      Supervisor
      Reynolds, Stephen; Koehncke, Niels
      Committee
      Senthilselvan, Ambikaipakan; Marciniuk, Darcy; Dennis, John; Crowe, Trever G.; Classen, Henry L. (Hank); Willson, Philip
      Copyright Date
      2008
      URI
      http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-06042008-113256
      Subject
      respirable
      size fraction
      endotoxin load
      particle size
      respiratory symptoms
      dust
      MMAD
      LAL
      Collections
      • Graduate Theses and Dissertations
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