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PHYSIOCHEMICAL AND NUTRIENT PROPERTIES AND TRUE NUTRIENT SUPPLY OF WHOLE OAT GRAINS IN RUMINANT SYSTEMS: EFFECT OF OAT VARIETIES AND TYPES (FEED TYPE VS. MILLING TYPE)

Date

2024-04-26

Journal Title

Journal ISSN

Volume Title

Publisher

ORCID

Type

Thesis

Degree Level

Masters

Abstract

The general objectives of this study were to determine the effect of four varieties and two types of oats (feed type vs. milling type) on the physiological and nutrient properties and true nutrient supply in ruminant system as an alternative feed source for ruminants. This project was carried out in three major phases. In the first phase, results showed that CDC Nasser had highest EE, NPN and lowest ADL among four varieties (P<0.05). CDC Haymaker had highest CP content among four oat varieties (P<0.05), and the value of iNDF120h on CDC Haymaker were largest among four varieties. CDC Nasser had highest TDN and energy values among four varieties (P<0.05). Based on the CNCPS 6.5 model, the CC fraction of CDC Nasser was lowest among four varieties (P<0.05). In the second phase, results also showed that CDC Haymaker and Arborg had higher Kd of DM, CP, and starch than that of CDC Nasser (P<0.05), and these Kd values of CDC Nasser were much smaller than other oat varieties. The EDDM, EDCP, and EDST of CDC Nasser were smallest among varieties as well (P<0.05). Oat varieties also had significant impact on N/OM and ED_N/ED_OM, and CDC Arborg was closest to the optimal ratio of ED_N/ED_OM (25 g/kg). In the third phase, results revealed that CDC Nasser had lowest MREE, DVME, DVE and FMV based on the Dutch DVE/OEB system (P<0.05), and all the OEB values of oats were much larger than zero indicating had potential N losses in the rumen. As for the oat types, significant impact was observed on EE, CP, NPN, ADL, TDN, Kd of DM, starch and CP, BDM, EDDM, BST, EDST, TDDM, TDST, DVE, OEB and FMV between feed and milling type (P<0.05). Milling oats had higher non-fiber carbohydrate values, while feed oats had higher structure carbohydrate values and FMV comparing to milling oats. In conclusion, all the oat varieties could be a good feed source for the dairy cows. CDC Nasser had largest TDN and energy values on dairy cows. CDC Nasser was the optimal variety to replace the barley grains of rations of dairy cattle based on this study.

Description

Keywords

Oat grains, ruminant system

Citation

Degree

Master of Science (M.Sc.)

Department

Animal and Poultry Science

Program

Animal Science

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DOI

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