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Response of irrigated crops to split-N application

Date

1990-02-22

Authors

Swerhone, G.D.W.
van Kessel, C.
Livingston, N.J.

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Abstract

The efficiency and benefits of split N applications by cereals and oilseed was evaluated at the Irrigation Fann at Outlook. In 1988, canola (Westar) received 0, 75 + 75, or 150 kg N/ha in the form of urea (U) or urea-ammonium nitrate (UAN). In 1989, durum (Kyle), soft wheat (Fielder) and canola (Westar) received 0, 100, 100+100, or 200 kg N/ha in the form of U or ammonium nitrate (AN). Plants were harvest five times during the growing season. In 1988, the second N application occurred at 54 days after planting. In 1989, the second N application for durum and soft wheat occurred at 45 days after planting (Feekes 7) and 38 days after planting for canola. In 1988, unfertilized canola showed a grain yield of 1832 kg/ha, whereas the application of 150 kg N increased grain yield to 3012 kg/ha. Split-N application, however, did not increase grain yield as compared with canola fertilized with 150 kg N/ha at time of seeding. No significant differences in grain yield between U and UAN fertilized canola were found. In 1989 canola, durum and soft wheat responded strongly to N fertilizer. Unfertilized durum showed a grain yield of 2267 kg/ha, whereas durum fertilized with 200 kg N/ha showed a grain yield of 3952 kg/ha. Grain yields for unfertilized and fertilized soft wheat were 2981 and 5358 kg/ha, respectively. N fertilization increased grain yield of canola from 1049 to 1890 kg/ha. However, no differences in grain yield were found between crops that received all fertilizer-N at time of seeding and crops that received half of its fertilizer-N 38 days after planting. It was found that most of the N required for crop growth was taken up early in the growing season. It appears that N should be available soon after seeding and that under Saskatchewan growing conditions the time frame during which the second split N application can be carried out successfully is short, or perhaps, even non-existent.

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Soils and Crops Workshop

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