The Effect of Consuming Either Dairy Milk, Plant-Based Protein Beverage, or Low-Protein Almond Beverage on Body Composition, Proximal Femur Geometry, and Muscular Strength in Adolescent Athletes
| dc.contributor.advisor | Chilibeck, Phil D | |
| dc.contributor.committeeMember | Zello, Gordon | |
| dc.contributor.committeeMember | Erlandson Feltis, Marta | |
| dc.contributor.committeeMember | Cochrane, Kelsey | |
| dc.creator | Leonhardt, Taylor Patricia Marie | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2024-12-10T15:54:08Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2024-12-10T15:54:08Z | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2024 | |
| dc.date.created | 2025-06 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2024-12-10 | |
| dc.date.submitted | June 2025 | |
| dc.date.updated | 2024-12-10T15:54:09Z | |
| dc.description.abstract | We examined the effect of consuming 500mL of either 1% chocolate dairy milk, plant-based protein beverage, and low-protein almond beverage three times per week for six months on body composition, muscular strength, and proximal femur geometry in adolescents participating in sports. Participants (n=112; 79 males, 33 females; 14.2±1.5y; 166.9±10.4cm; 60.7±17.8kg) were randomized into dairy milk (n=36), plant-based protein beverage (n=39), or low-protein almond-beverage (n=37) groups. Body composition and proximal femur geometry were assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Muscular strength was assessed by predicted maximal strength in the hack-squat and barbell bench-press. A 3 x 2 x 2 (group x sex x time) ANOVA with repeated measures was used to compare differences. Significance was accepted at p<.05. There were no group x time or group x sex x time interactions for body composition or muscular strength. Group x time interactions revealed greater increases in section modulus of the narrow part of the femoral neck (strength of bone in bending) in dairy milk and plant-based protein beverage groups compared to low protein almond-beverage (p<0.05) and greater increase in femoral shaft cortical thickness in the plant-based protein beverage group than the low-protein almond-beverage group (p<0.05). Group x sex x time interactions indicated females in the plant-based protein beverage group had smaller increase in narrow neck buckling ratio (susceptibility of bone to buckling under compression) than females in dairy milk and low-protein almond-beverage groups (p<0.05); males in the low-protein almond-beverage group increased inter-trochanteric subperiosteal width (predictive of increased fracture susceptibility) (p<0.05), and that inter-trochanteric section modulus (strength of bone in bending) increased in males in the plant-based protein beverage and low-protein almond-beverage groups (p<0.05). These findings highlight that dairy milk, and a protein-matched plant-based beverage have beneficial effects on geometric properties of bone at the hip compared to a low-protein almond-beverage and that there is no significant difference between beverage groups for body composition and muscular strength when protein intake is sufficient. | |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/10388/16326 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | |
| dc.subject | dairy | |
| dc.subject | plant-based | |
| dc.subject | body composition | |
| dc.subject | lean mass | |
| dc.subject | fat mass | |
| dc.subject | bone mineral content | |
| dc.subject | bone mineral density | |
| dc.subject | muscular strength | |
| dc.subject | proximal femur geometry | |
| dc.subject | dietary intake | |
| dc.subject | adolescent | |
| dc.subject | puberty | |
| dc.subject | athlete | |
| dc.title | The Effect of Consuming Either Dairy Milk, Plant-Based Protein Beverage, or Low-Protein Almond Beverage on Body Composition, Proximal Femur Geometry, and Muscular Strength in Adolescent Athletes | |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.type.material | text | |
| thesis.degree.department | Kinesiology | |
| thesis.degree.discipline | Kinesiology | |
| thesis.degree.grantor | University of Saskatchewan | |
| thesis.degree.level | Masters | |
| thesis.degree.name | Master of Science (M.Sc.) |