Effect of Long-Term Feeding of Graded Levels of Deoxynivalenol to Grower-Finisher Pigs
| dc.contributor.advisor | Columbus, Dan | |
| dc.contributor.committeeMember | Buchanan, Fiona | |
| dc.contributor.committeeMember | VanKessel, Andrew | |
| dc.contributor.committeeMember | Beaulieu, Denise | |
| dc.contributor.committeeMember | Hogan, Natacha | |
| dc.contributor.committeeMember | Huber, Lee-Anne | |
| dc.creator | Bosompem, Michael A | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2020-11-25T18:08:59Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2020-11-25T18:08:59Z | |
| dc.date.created | 2020-11 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2020-11-25 | |
| dc.date.submitted | November 2020 | |
| dc.date.updated | 2020-11-25T18:08:59Z | |
| dc.description.abstract | The prevalence of deoxynivalenol (DON) concerns swine producers in Western Canada. There has been extensive research into the effects of DON in pigs, much of which targets young animals and/or in short-term studies. The objectives of this thesis were to determine the effects of long-term exposure to DON-contaminated diets on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and health in finisher (Exp. 1) and grower-finisher (Exp. 2) pigs. In experiment 1, 200 pigs were housed in groups of 5 pigs/pen (n=10 pens/treatment) for a 6-wk feeding trial. In experiment 2, 240 pigs housed in groups of 6 pigs/pen (n=10 pens/treatment) were used in an 11-wk feeding trial. Pigs were fed a control diet without DON (CONT) or the basal diet with 1, 3, or 5 ppm DON (DON1, DON3, and DON5, respectively). Weekly pig BW and pen-wise feed intake was recorded to determine average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed efficiency (G:F). Blood samples were collected on d 0, 14, and 42 for Exp. 1 and d 0, 14, and 42 and on d 42, 56, and 84 for Exp. 2. Serum was analyzed for liver and kidney health and immune response to a vaccine challenge. Carcass data was collected at the end of Exp. 2. In both studies, nitrogen (N)-balance was conducted to determine the effect of DON on N-utilization. In Exp. 1, pigs fed DON3 and DON5 had consistently reduced (P < 0.05) ADFI and ADG from d 0-28 compared to CONT and DON1, after which there was no effect (P > 0.05) on ADFI, ADG, and G:F. N-retention was reduced (P < 0.05) in DON3 and DON5 pigs. In Exp. 2, DON3 and DON5 diets reduced ADG (P < 0.05) during the grower phase and the overall experimental period compared to CONT-fed pigs. There was no treatment effect on ADG in the finisher phase (P > 0.05) but ADFI during the first week was lower (P < 0.05) in DON3 and DON5-fed pigs compared to CONT and DON1. Compared to CONT, ADFI in the finisher phase and overall was lower (P < 0.05) in DON-fed pigs compared to CONT. For both phases, there was no DON effect (P > 0.05) on G:F. Finisher N-balance results showed no impact of DON intake on N-retention (P > 0.05), however, N-retention was reduced in the grower pigs fed DON3 and DON5 diets (P < 0.05) compared to CONT. There were no treatment effects (P > 0.05) on carcass traits, health, or immune response. The lack of effect on G:F suggests negative effects of DON on growth performance are largely due to impaired feed intake. Overall, the performance was less affected in the grower-finisher study relative to the finisher study. Further, regardless of age, there was evidence that pigs can adapt to DON over the long-term. This information will allow producers to adjust feeding programs to account for reduced performance due to dietary DON. | |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10388/13150 | |
| dc.subject | average daily gain | |
| dc.subject | average daily feed intake | |
| dc.subject | Deoxynivalenol | |
| dc.subject | feed efficiency | |
| dc.subject | nitrogen balance | |
| dc.subject | Pig | |
| dc.title | Effect of Long-Term Feeding of Graded Levels of Deoxynivalenol to Grower-Finisher Pigs | |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.type.material | text | |
| thesis.degree.department | Animal and Poultry Science | |
| thesis.degree.discipline | Animal Science | |
| thesis.degree.grantor | University of Saskatchewan | |
| thesis.degree.level | Masters | |
| thesis.degree.name | Master of Science (M.Sc.) |