Browsing by Author "Austenson, H.M."
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Item An evaluation of several minimum tillage seed drills and nitrogen fertilizer placements on seedling development, yield, and quality of wheat(1990-02-22) Hopkins, P.R.; Dyck, F.B.; Austenson, H.M.Seeding and fertilizing equipment has undergone a dramatic evolution since Western Canada was first settled. Researchers and farmers developed practical ways to seed and fertilize into well tilled seedbeds. Nitrogen fertilizer may be applied by pre-plant deep banding, seed-placing, side-banding at seeding time, or broadcasting either before or after seeding. Stand establishment may be reduced by seed placing more than 28 kg/ha urea or 45 kg/ha ammonium nitrate (Anonymous, 1986). Minimum and zero tillage seeding has gained considerable interest in the past decade for a number of reasons. These include the availability of effective weed control chemicals, concern about soil erosion, and high operating costs of intensive tillage. There has also been an effective research and extension program demonstrating benefits of reduced tillage, and assisting farmers in adapting cost effective conservation practices. The number of fertilizing options in minimum tillage crop production systems is quite limited. Pre-plant deep banding treatments are not suitable, as these banding operations leave uneven seedbed conditions that are less than optimal for seedling establishment. Additionally, a separate field operation is required to deep band, which is costly in terms of time, moisture, and the large draft requirement of the deep banding equipment. Fertilizer broadcast before direct seeding is not likely to be adequately incorporated, as most direct drilling equipment causes minimum soil disturbance. The risk of volatilization losses from post-plant broadcast treatments are well documented (Harapiak et al, 1986). The most desirable fertilizing option in terms of seedbed condition, fertilizer efficiency and fuel efficiency, is to side-band at seeding time. The present study was set out with two major objectives. The first was to evaluate seeding with different seed opener designs (offset double disc, hoe, sweep and one-way discer) in. terms of stand establishment. The second objective was to determine the relative benefits and costs of banding fertilizer at different depths.Item An evaluation of the vacuum/pressure moisturization technique of seed grains and oilseeds(1988-02-19) Hopkins, P.R.; Cowell, L.E.; Brandt, S.A.; Wright, A.T.; Selles, F.; Ferrie, J.Item I.C.M. experiments with winter and spring wheats in Saskatchewan, 1985(1986-02-20) Austenson, H.M.; Hopkins, P.R.Item ICM experiments with rye and winter, spring and durum wheats in Saskatchewan (1985-87)(1988-02-19) Hopkins, P.R.; Austenson, H.M.Item ICM experiments with wheat in Saskatchewan, 1986(1987-02-19) Hopkins, P.R.; Austenson, H.M.Item Influence of fertilizer banding depth and seed drill opener on spring wheat stand and yield(1993-02-25) Hopkins, P.R.; Austenson, H.M.; Dyck, F.B.Item Seeding rate and seed treatment experiments with winter wheat in Sastatchewan(1989-02-16) Hopkins, P.R.; Reed, M.W.; Austenson, H.M.Item Soil conservation attitudes and practices among Saskatchewan farmers(1990-02-22) Hopkins, P.R.; Heinrich, W.J.; Austenson, H.M.During the past few years, environmental protection and resource conservation have become important goals of society. Concomitant with this is an interest in ensuring that our agricultural production systems are both sustainable, and having minimal negative impacts on the environment. As research and extension personnel initiate programs to assist in soil conservation and sustainable agriculture, it is necessary to have a good idea of what the commonly held attitudes are among farmers, and some statistics about current management practices. To this end, we initiated a survey of Saskatchewan farmers.