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Wheat inter-cropped with forage legumes in southern Brazill

Date

1990-02-22

Authors

Tomm, G.O.
Foster, R.K.

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Abstract

The use of winter legumes in southern Brazil is hindered by the slow growth of these species in the year they are first established in a field. Faster growth occurs in the succeeding year. Introduction of these legumes as companion crops with wheat (Triticum aestivum) was studied. Re-seeded legumes resulting from natural shattering are expected to serve as alternatives to winter fallow. Twelve legumes were tested (in pure stands and associated with wheat) in 1987-88 and five species were selected for further studies in 1988- 89. Birdsfoot trefoil, red clover cv. Quiniquelli, white clover, and arrowleaf clover did not reduce wheat yields in either year. Wheat yield was reduced by inter-cropped red clover cv. Kenland and by subclover in the first year. No wheat grain yield differences due to inter-cropping with any legume were detected in 1988 when rainfall was below normal. An evaluation of inter-crops during the year of seeding suggests that a minimum 62% ground cover can be expected when legumes are inter-cropped with wheat. Natural reseeding of white clover when inter-cropped with wheat was good in both years. White clover grown along with wheat is a promising species for inter-cropping purposes.

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Soils and Crops Workshop

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