Prevalence and Determinants of Sinus Problems in Farm and Non-Farm Populations of Rural Saskatchewan, Canada
Date
2018-02-07
Authors
Kajiwara-Morita, Ayami
Karunanayake, Chandima
Dosman, James
Lawson, Joshua
Kirychuk, Shelley
Rennie, Donna
Dyck, Roland
Koehncke, Niels
Senthilselvan, Ambikaipakan
Pahwa, Punam
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MDPI
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Article
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Abstract
Although sinus problems have long been recognized as the most common respiratory symptoms associated with agricultural work, there is a scarcity of recent studies and/or reliable estimates as to the true prevalence or risk factors of sinus problems related to farming. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of sinus problems in farming and non-farming rural populations and further investigate the association of individual (for example life-style, occupational), contextual (e.g., environmental), and important covariates (e.g., age, sex) with sinus problems. A large-scale cross-sectional study was conducted in farm and non-farm residents of rural Saskatchewan, Canada. A logistic regression model based on a generalized estimating equations approach were fitted to investigate the risk factors of sinus problems. Sinus problems were reported by 2755 (34.0%) of the 8101 subjects. Farm residents were more likely to spend their first year of life on farm compared with non-farm residents, and indicated a significantly lower risk of sinus problems. Meanwhile, occupational exposure to solvent and mold were associated with an increased risk of sinus problems. Some health conditions such as allergy and stomach acidity/reflux, family history, and female sex were also related to a higher risk of sinus problems. Farm residents had a significantly lower risk of sinus problems than non-farm residents, likely due to the exposure to farm specific environments in their early life.
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© 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access
article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution
(CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Keywords
rhinitis, occupational exposure, environmental exposure, farm, rural health, allergy, respiratory, birth weight, gastroesophageal reflux, sinusitis
Citation
Kajiwara-Morita A, Karunanayake CP, Dosman JA, Lawson JA, Kirychuk S, Rennie DC, Dyck RF, Koehncke N, Senthilselvan A, Pahwa P, Saskatchewan Rural Health Study Research Team. Prevalence and Determinants of Sinus Problems in Farm and Non-Farm Populations of Rural Saskatchewan, Canada. Sinusitis. 2018; 3(1):2
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Citation
Kajiwara-Morita A, Karunanayake CP, Dosman JA, Lawson JA, Kirychuk S, Rennie DC, Dyck RF, Koehncke N, Senthilselvan A, Pahwa P, Saskatchewan Rural Health Study Research Team. Prevalence and Determinants of Sinus Problems in Farm and Non-Farm Populations of Rural Saskatchewan, Canada. Sinusitis. 2018; 3(1):2
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DOI
10.3390/sinusitis3010002