The cross-cultural significance of the Sweat Lodge experience
Date
2004
Authors
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ORCID
Type
Degree Level
Masters
Abstract
Conflict has marred the relationship between peoples of Aboriginal and European
decent since contact. This study proposes to deal with the emergence of a relatively new
area of dispute, one which relates directly to the sanctity of religious practices and beliefs
of First Nations people. The study explores the proliferation and encroachment of non-Aboriginal
peoples into the realm of First Nations religious practices and beliefs.
Specifically, I will examine the effects and perceptions of three non-Aboriginal people
who have participated in traditional Native Sweat lodges, and the perceptions of four First
Nations people who facilitated similar events. The research for this study was conducted
using a qualitative research design employing a reflective narrative approach.
I was cognizant of the Cree First Nations' cultural protocol that was required to
undertake this study, and sought to do so in a traditional, respectful manner that was in
keeping with the Plains Cree custom. All the First Nations people involved in this study
speak Cree and English fluently, so translation was not an issue.
The research questions were as follows:
What are the perceptions and cross-cultural significance and value of Aboriginal
people who conduct Sweat lodge ceremonies for non-Aboriginal people who
request to participate in a ceremony of this type?
What is the cross-cultural significance of participating in a Sweat lodge ceremony
for non-Aboriginal people?
What are the consequences for Aboriginal people in having non-Aboriginal
people participate in their spiritual traditions?
What are the cross-cultural significance and value of having experienced a Sweat
lodge ceremony among non-Aboriginal adults toward changing their perceptions,
attitudes, and beliefs toward Aboriginal people?
What does the pertinent literature reveal about non-Aboriginal participation in
traditional ceremonies and cultural knowledge?
The findings suggest that First Nations people want control of inclusion and exclusion of
participation in their traditional religious practices and beliefs. They are
fearful that the purity and sacredness may become corrupted through disrespect and
ignorance. First Nations people are also concerned about the commodification of their
spiritual knowledge. The study shows that Euro-Canadians who have participated in
Sacred ceremonies have gained respect, understanding and appreciation of First Nations
people. It would appear to suggest that participation in a traditional Sweat lodge can have
a positive outcome for Euro-Canadians and First Nations people, if the individuals
approach the Sweat with an open mind and have a spiritual experience that touches deep
within the heart and soul The literature review was predominately against the inclusion
of non-Aboriginal people in traditional Indian cultural ceremonies and in gaining cultural
knowledge.
Although First Nations people in general oppose inclusion of non-Aboriginal
people in Sacred ceremonies, Elders are bound by cultural laws which provide very
limited reasons for exclusion. An Elder may deny his/her services if they feel they cannot
help the petitioner, in which case the Elder will not accept the traditional offering of
tobacco. That is why it becomes vital for lobbyists to protect Indigenous knowledge, and
to pursue legislation and global laws that are recognized throughout the world.
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Degree
Master of Education (M.Ed.)
Department
Educational Foundations
Program
Educational Foundations