Effect of protein and creatine supplementation during resistance training on muscle mass, strength, and muscle protein degradation in older males
Date
2005-08
Authors
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Type
Degree Level
Doctoral
Abstract
The purpose of this thesis was to determine whether nutritional supplementation
combined with resistance training could maximize muscle accretion and strength in older
men and whether these interventions could eliminate deficits in muscle mass and strength
compared to young men. To achieve this purpose, a series of studies were performed. In
the first study, the purpose was to determine differences in muscle mass, strength, and
power in upper and lower body muscle groups in young and older men. These findings
would determine which muscle groups were more negatively affected with age and
whether nutritional supplementation and resistance training in older men could eliminate
these deficits in muscle mass and strength compared to young men. Results showed that
lower body measures of muscle mass, strength, and power, especially at fast velocities, is
reduced more than upper body measures in older men.
In the second study, the purpose was to determine the effects of protein
supplementation immediately before and after training sessions for 12 weeks in older
men (59-76 years), and whether this intervention could eliminate deficits in muscle mass
and strength compared to young men from the first study. It was hypothesized that
protein ingestion immediately before training would increase lean tissue mass and
strength over protein ingestion immediately after training. Twenty-nine older men were
randomized to supplement with protein or receive placebo. Results showed that the
timing of protein supplementation, either before or after resistance training, had no effect
on lean tissue mass, muscle thickness or strength. At the end of the study, the older
group still had lower lean tissue mass, muscle thickness of the knee extensors and flexors and ankle plantar flexors, and bench press strength compared to young men;
suggesting that a longer intervention in required.
In the third study, the purpose was to determine the effects of creatine and protein
supplementation during resistance training in older men. In addition, these results,
combined with the results of 17 subjects from the second study, would determine if 22
weeks of resistance training could eliminate remaining deficits in muscle mass and
strength compared to young men. It was hypothesized that creatine and protein together
would increase muscle mass and strength over creatine supplementation and placebo
during training. Older men (59-77 years) were randomized to receive creatine and protein,
creatine, or placebo on training days (i.e.3x/week) during 10 weeks oftraining. Subjects
who supplemented with creatine experienced greater gains in total muscle thickness
(p
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Citation
Degree
Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.)
Department
College of Kinesiology
Program
College of Kinesiology
Advisor
Chilibeck, Philip
Committee
Chad, Karen;Faulkner, Robert;Kowalski, Kent;Zello, Gordon;Syrotuik, Daniel