Feasibility of field implementation of fortified lentils to improve iron status status of adolescent girls in Bangladesh
Date
2018-01-24
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
ORCID
0000-0002-0614-000X
Type
Thesis
Degree Level
Masters
Abstract
The purpose of this crossover study was to establish methodology and logistics to conduct future large-scale community-based efficacy studies. A crossover trial was carried out in which adolescent girls consumed fortified lentil consisting of 2 different cooking preparation styles (thick vs thin) and 3 different lentil ‘portion size’ of raw weight 25 g, 37.5 g and 50 g. The cooked lentils were served 5 days a week over 12 weeks mixed with a standard cup (250 mL) of cooked rice among 100 adolescent girls. Small cotyledon lentil (iron 75-90 ppm) were fortified using NaFeEDTA iron fortificant solution with 1600 ppm of Fe at the Crop Development Centre (CDC), University of Saskatchewan. Visual Analog Scales (VAS) were used to measure the rating of hunger, satiety, and palatability before the serving of the meal, after one bite of the meal and after finishing the meal. In-depth interviews and focus group discussions were carried out with the participants’ mother/guardian to evaluate acceptability and lentil preparation styles at the end of the trial. Mean (SD) age and age of menarche of the adolescent girls were 12.85 (2.00) and 12.06 (0.94) years, respectively. Fifty-four percent heard about iron deficiency anemia, and 48% were of the opinion that eating more iron-rich foods could prevent anemia. The results showed that thick preparation of cooked lentil at 37.5 g portion size had higher positive scores in all VAS variables compared to the thin preparation. Considering the raw amount served, the thick preparation of lentil at 37.5 g would provide 6.9 mg Fe/d. This would cover approximately 86% (and 66% who have started to menstruate) and 46% of the RDA for adolescent girls aged 9-13 years and 14-18 years, respectively. A thick preparation of cooked lentil at 200 g (37.5 g raw lentil amount) would be preferable for a fortified lentil intervention in future human efficacy trials.
Description
Keywords
Fortification, Iron, Adolescents, Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA), Community-based trial, Lentils, Dietary Intake, Study Design.
Citation
Degree
Master of Science (M.Sc.)
Department
Nutrition
Program
Nutrition